Oligospermia (Low Sperm Count): Symptoms and Causes. Oligospermia, or low sperm count, is a condition where a man has fewer sperm than normal. This can lead to difficulties in achieving pregnancy. The condition is often diagnosed when a semen analysis shows sperm concentration below 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen.
Common symptoms of oligospermia include a reduced sex drive, difficulty maintaining an erection, and pain or swelling in the testicles. However, many men may not show any obvious symptoms and only discover the condition when they face infertility issues.
There are several causes of oligospermia. Hormonal imbalances, especially low testosterone, can affect sperm production. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and being overweight, may also contribute. Environmental factors like exposure to toxins, high temperatures, and certain medications can further reduce sperm count. Additionally, medical conditions such as infections, varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum), or genetic disorders can play a role.
While oligospermia can affect fertility, it is treatable. Lifestyle changes, medical treatments, or assisted reproductive technologies like IVF may improve sperm count and fertility. Early diagnosis and intervention are key to increasing the chances of conception.
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